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The overarching methodological theme of this plot is that the performer confidently improvises his way through the procedural portion of a magic trick — unbeknownst to the audience — to arrive at a desired outcome. There have been many approaches to this idea.
Conard B. Rheiner created “The Touch of Mephistopheles”, which he claimed was a new idea. He published it in The Sphinx, Vol. 19 No. 4, June 1920, p. 110. In it, he would force a card and then draw random cards from a face-down tabled spread, which he would add or subtract from each other until he arrived at the value of the selection, also using the suits of the drawn cards to improvise how to reveal the suit of the selection.
An approach to arriving at a force card's position through on-the-spot finagling was published by (but specifically not claimed by) Theodore Annemann in 202 Methods of Forcing, 1933, p. 14. It relied entirely on mathematics. Annemann didn't describe the method in 101 Methods of Forcing, 1932, which suggests that he may have learned it in the intervening year.
Milt Kort recalls that Stewart James described an improvisational card effect and its procedures in a letter. A discussion of James's approach, which he called “The Face-Up Prediction,” can be found in The James File, Volume 1, 2000, p. 1000. James claims to have created the trick in 1939.
Other versions include Joe Berg's “A Miracle Maybe” in Martin Gardner's Cut the Cards, 1942, p. 22, and Audley Walsh's “Improvisation” in Rufus Steele's 52 Amazing Card Tricks, 1949, p. 50.
Dai Vernon's name is often attached to the plot due to his popular approach and methods being described in More Inner Secrets of Card Magic, 1960, p. 76.